r games which,
[1]
through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve
physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in
some cases, entertainment for spectators.
[2]
Usually the contest or game is between two sides, each attempting to exceed the
other. Some sports allow a tie game; others provide tie-breaking methods, to
ensure one winner and one loser. A number of such two-sided contests may be
arranged in a tournament producing a champion. Many sports leagues make an
annual champion by arranging games in a regular sports season, followed in some
cases by playoffs. Hundreds of sports exist, from those between single
contestants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants,
either in teams or competing as individuals. In certain sports such as racing,
many contestants may compete, each against all with one winner.
Sport is generally recognised as activities which are based in physical athleticism
or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic
Games admitting only sports meeting this definition,
[3] and other
organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding
activities without a physical element from classification as sports.
[2]
However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim
recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF)
recognises both chess and bridge as
bona fide sports, and SportAccord,
the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical
sports,
[4][5] although
limits the number of mind games which can be admitted as sports.
[1]
Sports are usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to
ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner.
Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing
a line first. It can also be determined by judges who are scoring elements of
the sporting performance, including objective or subjective measures such as
technical performance or artistic impression.
Records of performance are often kept, and for popular sports, this
information may be widely announced or reported in sport news. Sport is also a
major source of entertainment for non-participants, with spectator sport
drawing large crowds to sport venues, and reaching wider audiences through broadcasting.
Sports betting is in some cases severely regulated, and in some cases is
central to the sport.
According to A.T. Kearney, a consultancy, the global sporting industry is
worth up to $620 billion as of 2013.
[6] The
world's most accessible and practised sport is running, while association
football is its most popular spectator sport.
[7][8
